巴西专利BR112013002087B1 ELECTRIC STEEL SHEET WITH ORIENTED GRAIN AND THE SAME PRODUCTION METHOD

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专利摘要:
electric steel plate with grain oriented and production method. the present invention relates to a silicon steel sheet (1) containing itself which is cold rolled. then, decarburization annealing (3) on the silicon steel sheet (1) is carried out in order to cause primary recrystallization. then, the silicon steel sheet (1) is wound in order to obtain a steel sheet coil (31). then, an annealing (6) on the steel sheet coil (31) is carried out by box processing in order to cause secondary recrystallization. then, the steel sheet coil (31) is unwound and flattened. between cold rolling and obtaining the steel sheet coil (31), a laser beam is irradiated a plurality of times at predetermined intervals on a surface of the silicon steel sheet (1) from one end of the steel sheet to the other silicon (1) along the width direction (2) of the plate. when secondary recrystallization is caused, the edges of the grains that pass from the front surface to the rear surface of the silicon steel sheet (1) along the paths of the laser rays are generated.
公开号:BR112013002087B1
申请号:R112013002087-3
申请日:2010-07-28
公开日:2021-03-23
发明作者:Tatsuhiko Sakai；Koji Hirano；Satoshi Arai；Yoshiyuki Ushigami
申请人:Nippon Steel Corporation；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] [001] The present invention relates to a grain-oriented electric steel plate suitable for the iron core of a transformer and the like and a method for its production. Background of the Technique
[0002] [002] The electric grain-oriented steel sheet contains Si, and easily magnetized (˂001˃) shafts of crystal grains on the steel sheet are substantially parallel to the rolling direction in a steel sheet production process. The grain-oriented electric steel sheet is excellent as an iron core material for a transformer and the like. Particularly important properties among the magnetic properties of grain-oriented electric steel sheets are the magnetic flux density and the loss of iron.
[0003] [003] There is a tendency that the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electric steel plate when a predetermined magnetizing force is applied is greater, as the degree to which the easily magnetized axes of the crystal grains are parallel the rolling direction (which is also referred to as L direction) of the steel plate is greater. As an index to represent the magnetic flux density, the magnetic flux density B8 is generally used. The magnetic flux density B8 is the magnetic flux density generated in the grain oriented electric steel plate when a magnetizing force of 800 A / m is applied in the L direction. Specifically, it can be said that the grain electric steel plate oriented with a high magnetic flux density value B8 is more suitable for a transformer that has a small size and excellent efficiency, since it has a high magnetic flux density generated by a certain magnetizing force.
[0004] [004] In addition, as an index to represent the loss of iron, a loss of iron W17 / 50 is generally used. The loss of iron W17 / 50 is a loss of iron obtained when the electrical steel sheet with oriented grain is subjected to AC excitation under conditions where the maximum magnetic flux density is 1.7 T, and the frequency is 50 Hz. be said that the grain-oriented electric steel sheet with a small value of the W17 / 50 iron loss is more suitable for a transformer since it has a small loss of energy. In addition, there is a tendency that the higher the value of the magnetic flux density B8, the lower the value of the loss of iron W17 / 50. Therefore, it is effective to improve the orientation of the crystal grains to also reduce the loss of iron W17 / 50.
[0005] [005] Generally, grain-oriented electric steel sheet is produced as follows. A silicon steel sheet material containing a predetermined amount of Si is subjected to hot rolling, annealing, and cold rolling, in order to obtain a silicon steel sheet with a desired thickness. Then the cold-rolled silicon steel sheet is annealed. Through this annealing, primary recrystallization occurs, resulting in the crystal grains being formed in a so-called Goss orientation in which the axes of easy magnetization are parallel to the lamination direction (grains with Goss orientation, size of the crystal grain : 20 μm to 30 μm). This annealing is also carried out as a decarburization annealing. Subsequently, an annealing separation agent containing MgO as its main constituent is coated on a surface of the silicon steel sheet after primary recrystallization. Subsequently, the silicon steel sheet coated with the annealing separating agent is wound to produce a steel sheet coil, and the steel sheet coil is annealed through a box annealing process. Through this annealing, secondary recrystallization occurs, and a glassy film is formed on the surface of the silicon steel sheet. When secondary recrystallization occurs, due to an influence of the inhibitor included in the silicon steel sheet, the secondary recrystallization crystal, the formation of the insulating film and the like, while the steel sheet coil is unwound.
[0006] [006] Almost all the orientations of the respective crystal grains of the electric steel sheet with oriented grain produced through this method are determined when secondary recrystallization occurs. Figure 1A is a diagram illustrating orientations of crystal grains obtained through secondary recrystallization. As described above, when secondary recrystallization occurs, crystal grains 14 in the Goss orientation, in which a direction 12 of the axis of easy magnetization coincides with the direction of lamination 13, preferably grow. At this point, if the silicon steel sheet is not flat and is wound, the tangential direction of the steel sheet coil periphery coincides with the rolling direction 13. Meanwhile, the crystal grains 14 do not grow according to the curvature of the coiled steel sheet surface but grow while maintaining a crystal orientation linearity in the crystal grains 14 as illustrated in Figure 1A. For this reason, when the steel sheet coil is unwound and flattened after secondary recrystallization, a part in which the direction 12 of the easily magnetized axis is not parallel to the surface of the grain-oriented electric steel sheet is generated in a large number of crystal grains 14. In summary, an angle of deviation β between the direction of the easily magnetizing axis (˂001˃) of each crystal grain 14 and the lamination direction is increased. When the deviation angle β is increased, the coincident degree of crystal orientation is decreased, and the magnetic flux density B8 is decreased.
[0007] [007] In addition, the larger the size of the crystal grain, the more significant the increase in the angle of deviation β. In recent years, due to the reinforcement of inhibitors and the like, it is possible to facilitate the selective growth of crystal grains in the Goss orientation, and in a crystal grain that has a large size in the lamination direction in particular, the decrease in the density of Magnetic flux B8 is significant.
[0008] [008] In addition, several techniques have been proposed conventionally with the purpose of improving the magnetic flux density, reducing iron loss, etc. However, with conventional techniques, it is difficult to achieve an improvement in magnetic flux density and a reduction in iron loss, while maintaining productivity. List of Citations Patent Literature Patent Literature 1: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication nº 07-268474 Patent Literature 2: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication nº 60-114519 Patent Literature 3: Japanese Examined Patent Application Publication No. 06-19112 Patent Literature 4: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication nº 61-75506 Patent Literature 5: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication nº 10-183312 Patent Literature 6: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication nº 2006-144058 Non-Patent Literature Non-Patent Literature 1: T. Nozawa, et al., IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, Vol. MAG-14 (1978) pages. 252-257 Summary of the Invention Technical problem
[0009] [009] The present invention aims to provide an electric steel sheet with oriented grain and a method of its production capable of improving the magnetic flux density and reducing the loss of iron, while maintaining a high productivity. Solution to the Problem
[0010] [010] As a result of rigorous studies, the present inventors have developed the various aspects described below.
[0011] [011] (1) A method of producing a grain-oriented electric steel plate including: cold-rolling a silicon steel sheet containing Si; then, perform the decarburization annealing of the silicon steel sheet in order to cause the primary recrystallization; then, wind the silicon steel sheet in order to obtain a steel sheet coil; then, perform the annealing of the steel sheet coil through the box annealing process in order to cause a secondary recrystallization; and then, rewind and flatten the steel sheet coil, in which the production method also comprises, between the cold rolling of the silicon steel sheet containing Si and the winding of the silicon steel sheet in order to obtain the steel sheet coil, laser beam irradiation a plurality of times at an interval predetermined in the rolling direction on a surface of the silicon steel sheet from one end to the other end of the silicon steel sheet along the width direction of the sheet, and while secondary recrystallization is carried out, the edges of the grains that pass from a front surface to a rear surface of the silicon steel sheet are generated along the paths of the laser rays.
[0012] [012] (2) The method of producing an electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to item (1), where the part of the surface of the silicon steel sheet to which the laser beam was irradiated is flat.
[0013] [013] (3) The method of producing an electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to item (1) or (2), where the predetermined interval is adjusted based on a radius of curvature of the silicon steel sheet in the coil steel sheet.
[0014] [014] (4) The method of producing the electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to any of the items (1) to (3), where, when the radius of curvature in an arbitrary position on the silicon steel sheet in the coil of steel plate is R (mm) and the range predetermines position is PL (mm), the following relationship is satisfied: PL ≤ 0.13 × R.
[0015] [015] (5) The method of producing an electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to item (4), where the predetermined interval is fixed.
[0016] [016] (6) The method of producing an electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to item (4), where the predetermined interval is wider as the position approaches an inner surface towards an outer surface of the steel sheet coil.
[0017] [017] (7) The method of producing the electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to any one of items (1) to (6), in which the predetermined range is 2 mm or more.
[0018] [018] (8) The method of producing an electric steel sheet with oriented grain according to any of the items (1) to (7), where, when an average laser beam intensity is P (W), a size of the focused beam of the laser beam in the lamination direction of the projection is DI (mm), a scan rate of the laser beam in the direction of the plate width is Vc (mm // s) an energy radiation density of the laser beam is Up = 4 / π × P / (Dl × Vc), the following relationship is satisfied: 0.5J / mm2 ≤ Up ≤ 20J / mm2.
[0019] [019] (9) The method of producing an electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to any of the items (1) to (8), where, when an average laser beam intensity is P (W), a size in the lamination direction and the size in the plate width direction of a focused beam projection of the laser beam are DI (mm) and Dc (mm), respectively, and a local energy density of the laser beam is Ip = 4 / π × P / (Dl × Dc), a relationship to follow is satisfied, Ip ≤ 100kW / mm2.
[0020] [020] (10) An electrical steel sheet with oriented grain, including the passage of the edges of the grains from a front surface to a rear surface of the electrical steel plate with grain oriented along the paths of the laser beams with one end sweep at the other end of the electric steel plate the grain oriented along the direction of the width of the plate, where when the component of the direction of the thickness of the plate an angle made by the rolling direction of the electric steel plate with oriented grain and the direction of an axis of easy magnetization ˂001˃ of each crystal grain is β (°), the value of β in a separate position 1 mm from the edge of the grain is 7.3 ° or less.
[0021] [021] (11) The electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to item (10), where the surface of the base material along the grain edge is flat. Advantageous Effects of the Invention
[0022] [022] According to the present invention, the angle of deviation can be reduced by the edges of the grains that are created along the paths of the laser beams and that pass from a front surface to a rear surface of a silicon steel sheet, so that it is possible to improve the magnetic flux density and reduce iron loss while maintaining high productivity. Brief Description of Drawings
[0023] [023] Figure 1A is a diagram illustrating the orientations of the crystal grains obtained through secondary recrystallization;
[0024] [024] Figure 1B is a diagram illustrating the crystal grains after planing;
[0025] [025] Figure 2A is a diagram illustrating a method of producing an electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] [026] Figure 2B is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the modality;
[0027] [027] Figure 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of scanning laser beams;
[0028] [028] Figure 3B is a diagram illustrating another example of the laser beam scanning method;
[0029] [029] Figure 4A is a plan view illustrating a laser beam focus;
[0030] [030] Figure 4B is a sectional view illustrating the laser beam focus;
[0031] [031] Figure 5A is a plan view showing the edges of the grains generated in the embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] [032] Figure 5B is a sectional view illustrating the grain edges generated in the embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] [033] Figure 6A is a diagram illustrating a photograph of a surface of a sheet of silicon steel obtained when a laser beam irradiation is performed;
[0034] [034] Figure 6B is a diagram illustrating a photograph of a surface of a silicon steel sheet obtained when laser beam radiation is omitted;
[0035] [035] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional photograph of the silicon steel sheet obtained when laser beam irradiation is performed;
[0036] [036] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the grain edge and the angle of deviation β;
[0037] [037] Figure 9A is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the radius of curvature R, an inner radius R1 and an outer radius R2;
[0038] [038] Figure 9B is a diagram illustrating laser beam irradiation intervals in relation to coil No. C1;
[0039] [039] Figure 9C is a diagram illustrating intervals of laser radiation in relation to coil No. C2; and
[0040] [040] Figure 9D is a diagram illustrating intervals of laser radiation in relation to coil No. C3. Description of Modalities
[0041] [041] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in relation to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2A is a diagram illustrating a method of producing an electric steel sheet with grain oriented according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0042] [042] In the present invention, cold rolling of a silicon steel sheet 1 containing Si of, for example, 2 wt% to 4 wt% is performed, as illustrated in Figure 2A. This silicon steel sheet 1 can be produced by continuous casting, an annealing of a hot rolled steel sheet obtained by hot rolling, etc. The temperature at the time of annealing is about 1100 ° C, for example. In addition, the thickness of the silicon steel sheet 1 after cold rolling can be adjusted to about 0.20 mm to 0.3 mm, for example, and the silicon steel sheet 1 after cold rolling is wound from so as to be shaped like a cold rolled steel sheet, for example.
[0043] [043] Then, the coil-shaped silicon steel sheet 1 is supplied to a decarburizing annealing furnace 3 while it is unwound, and is subjected to an annealing in the annealing furnace 3. The temperature at the time of annealing is adjusted to 700 ° C to 900 ° C, for example. During annealing, decarburization occurs, and primary recrystallization results in the fact that crystal grains are formed in a Goss orientation, in which the axes of easy magnetization are parallel to the lamination direction. Subsequently, the silicon steel sheet 1 discharged from the decarburizing annealing furnace 3 is cooled with a cooling equipment 4. Subsequently, a coating 5 of an annealing separating agent containing MgO as its main constituent, runs on a surface of the silicon steel sheet 1. In addition, the silicon steel sheet 1 coated with the annealing separating agent is wound with a predetermined internal radius R1 to be formed as a steel sheet coil 31.
[0044] [044] In addition, in the present mode, between rewinding the silicon steel sheet in the form of a coil 1 and supplying it to the decarburizing annealing furnace 3, a laser beam is irradiated a plurality of times at predetermined intervals in the direction of lamination on a surface of the silicon steel sheet 1 along the direction of the sheet width with a laser irradiation equipment 2. Incidentally, as illustrated in Figure 2B, the laser irradiation equipment 2 can be arranged on a rear side in a transfer direction of the cooling equipment 4, and the laser beams can be irradiated to the surface of the silicon steel sheet 1 between cooling with the cooling equipment 4 and the coating 5 of the annealing separating agent. In addition, the laser irradiation equipment 2 can be arranged both on the front side in the transfer direction of the annealing furnace 3 and on the rear side in the transfer direction of the cooling equipment 4, and the laser rays can be irradiated with both the equipment. In addition, laser beam irradiation can be conducted between annealing furnace 3 and cooling equipment 4, and irradiation can be conducted in annealing furnace 3 or cooling equipment 4.
[0045] [045] Incidentally, laser beam irradiation can be performed by a scanner 10 when it scans an irradiated laser beam 9 from a light source (laser) at a predetermined interval PL in the direction of the plate width ( hereinafter also called direction C) substantially perpendicular to the rolling direction (hereinafter also called direction L) of the silicon steel sheet 1, as illustrated in Figure 3A, for example. As a result, the paths 23 of the laser beams 9 remain on the surface of the silicon steel sheet 1, regardless of whether they can be recognized visually or not. The lamination direction substantially coincides with the transfer direction.
[0046] [046] In addition, scanning the laser beams across the width of the silicon steel sheet 1 can be performed with a scanner 10, or with a plurality of scanners 20 as illustrated in Figure 3B. When the plurality of scanners 20 is used, only one light source (laser) of laser beams 19, which are incident on the respective scanners 20, can be provided, or a light source can be provided for each scanner 20. When the number of light sources is one, a laser beam irradiated by the light source can be divided to form laser rays 19. If scanners 20 are used, it is possible to divide the region of irradiation into a plurality of regions in the direction of the width of the plate so that it is possible to reduce the scanning time and the laser radiation required. Therefore, using scanners 20 is particularly suitable for high speed transfer equipment.
[0047] [047] Laser beam 9 or 19 is focused by a lens on scanner 10 or 20. As shown in Figure 4A and Figure 4B, the shape of laser beam point 24 on laser beam 9 or 19 on the surface of the steel plate silicon 1 can have a circular shape or an elliptical shape with a diameter in the direction of the plate width (direction C) of Dc and a diameter in the direction of lamination (direction L) of Dl. In addition, scanning the laser beam 9 or 19 can be performed at a rate Vc with a polygonal mirror on scanner 10 or 20, for example. The diameter of the plate in the width direction (diameter in the C direction) Dc can be adjusted to 5 mm, the diameter in the rolling direction (diameter in the L direction) Dl can be adjusted to 0.1 mm, and the scan rate Vc can be adjusted to about 1000 mm / s, for example.
[0048] [048] Incidentally, as a light source (laser device), a CO2 laser can be used, for example. In addition, a high-energy laser that is generally used for industrial purposes such as a YAG laser, a semiconductor laser, and a fiber laser can be used.
[0049] [049] In addition, the temperature of the silicon sheet 1 during laser beam irradiation can be carried out on the silicon steel sheet 1 at about room temperature, for example. In addition, the direction in which the laser beam is scanned does not have to match the direction of the plate width (direction C), but from the point of view of work efficiency, etc., and from the point of view in which the domain magnetic is refined in the form of long strips along the lamination direction, the deviation of the direction from the direction of the width of the plate (direction C) is preferably at 45 °, more preferably at 20 °, and even more preferably at 10 ° .
[0050] [050] Details of the PL irradiation interval of the laser beam will be described later.
[0051] [051] After coating 5 of the coating separation agent and winding, the steel sheet coil 31 is transported to an annealing furnace 6, and is placed with a central axis of the steel sheet coil 31 adjusted substantially in a vertical direction, as shown in Figure 2A. Then, an annealing (finishing annealing) of the steel sheet 31 is carried out through the box annealing process. The maximum temperature reached and the time period at the time of this annealing are adjusted to about 1200 ° C and about 20 hours, respectively, for example. During this annealing, secondary recrystallization takes place, and a glass film is formed on the surface of the silicon steel sheet 1. Subsequently, the steel sheet coil 31 is removed from the annealing furnace 6.
[0052] [052] Subsequently, the steel sheet coil 31 is supplied, while being unwound, to an annealing furnace 7, and is subjected to an annealing in the annealing furnace 7. During this annealing, undulations, distortions and deformations that occurred during the annealing finish is eliminated, resulting in the silicon steel sheet 1 becoming flat. Then, a film formation 8 on the surface of the silicon steel sheet 1 is performed. As a film, one can be formed capable of guaranteeing the insulating performance and imposing a tension to reduce the loss of iron, for example. Through this series of processing, an electric steel plate with oriented grain 32 is produced. After forming the film 8, the grain-oriented electric steel plate 32 can be wound for convenience of storage, transportation, etc., for example.
[0053] [053] When the grain-oriented electric steel plate 32 is produced using such a method, during the secondary recrystallization, the edges of the grains 41 that pass from the front surface to the rear surface of the silicon steel sheet 1 are created under the paths 23 of the laser beams, as illustrated in Figure 5A and Figure 5B.
[0054] [054] It can be considered that the reason why such a grain edge 41 is generated is because internal stress and distortions are introduced by the rapid treatment and cooling caused by the irradiation of the laser beam. In addition, it can also be considered that due to the irradiation of the laser beam, the size of the crystal grains obtained through primary recrystallization differs from that of the surrounding crystals, resulting in the fact that the growth of the grain during secondary recrystallization differs and similar .
[0055] [055] In fact, when the electric steel plate with oriented grain was produced based on the modality described above, the edges of the grains illustrated in Figure 6A and Figure 7 were observed. These grain edges included grain edges 61 formed along the paths of the laser beams. In addition, when an electrical steel sheet with oriented grain was produced based on the modality described above except that the laser beam irradiation was omitted, the grain illustrated in Figure 6B was observed.
[0056] [056] Figure 6A and Figure 6B are photos taken after the glass film and the like have been removed from the surfaces of the electric steel sheet with grain oriented to expose the steel base material, and then the surfaces have been etched. In these photos, the crystal grains and the grain edges obtained through secondary recrystallization appear. In addition, in relation to the production of electric steel sheets with oriented grain adjusted for the purpose of taking the pictures, the internal radius and the external radius of each steel sheet coil were adjusted to 300 mm and 1000 mm, respectively. In addition, the laser beam PL irradiation interval has been adjusted to approximately 30 mm. In addition, Figure 7 illustrates the cross section perpendicular to the direction of the plate width (direction C).
[0057] [057] When the electric steel sheet with oriented grain shown in Figure 6A and Figure 7 was observed in detail, the length in the lamination direction (L direction) of the crystal grain was about 30 mm, at most, which corresponds to the PL irradiation interval. In addition, a change in the form such as a groove was rarely confirmed in a part to which the laser beam was irradiated, and the surface of the base material of the grain-oriented electric steel plate was substantially flat. In addition, in both cases where irradiation of the laser beam was conducted before annealing with the annealing furnace 3, and irradiation was conducted after annealing, similar grain edges were observed.
[0058] [058] The present inventors conducted detailed examinations in relation to the angle of deviation β of the electric steel sheet with oriented grain produced along the aforementioned modality. In this examination, crystal orientation angles of various crystal grains were measured using a X-ray Laue method. The spatial resolution of the Laue x-ray method, that is, the projection on the electric steel sheet with oriented grain was about 1 mm. This examination showed that any angle of deviation β at various measurement positions in the crystal grains divided by grain edges extending along the paths of the laser rays was within a range of 0 ° to 6 °. This means that a very high degree of coincidence of crystal orientation has been observed.
[0059] [059] Meanwhile, the electric steel sheet with oriented grain produced by omitting the laser beam radiation included a large number of crystal grains, each having a size in the lamination direction (L direction) greater than that obtained when laser beam irradiation is performed. In addition, when the β deviation angle examination was performed on such large crystal grains, using the X-ray Laue method, the β deviation angle exceeded 6 ° in total, and, in addition, the maximum angle value deviation β exceeded 10 ° in a large number of crystal grains.
[0060] [060] Here, explanation of the PL irradiation interval of the laser beam will be given.
[0061] [061] The relationship between the magnetic flux density B8 and the magnitude of the deviation angle β is according to Non-Patent Literature 1, for example. The present inventors experimentally obtained measurement data similar to the relation according to the Non-Patent Literature '1, and obtained, from the measurement data, the relation between the magnetic flux density B8 (T) and β (°) represented by the expression (1 ) using the least squares method. B8 = -0.026 × β + 2.090… (1)
[0062] [062] Meanwhile, as illustrated in Figure 5A, Figure 5B and Figure 8, there is at least one crystal grain 42 between two edges of grain 41 along the paths of the laser rays. Here, attention is focused on a crystal grain 42, in which the angle of deviation at each position in the crystal grain 42 is defined as β1 ', by adjusting a crystal orientation in an extreme portion on one side of the two edges grain 41 of the crystal grains 423 as a reference. At this point, as shown in Figure 8, the angle of deviation β 'in the extreme portion on one side is 0 °. In addition, in the extreme portion on the other side, the maximum deviation angle in the crystal grain 42 is generated. Here, the deviation angle is expressed as the maximum deviation angle βm (β '= βm). In this case, the maximum deviation angle βm is represented as an Expression (2) with an interval PL between the edges of the grains 41, that is, a length Lg in the lamination direction of the crystal grain 42, and the radius of curvature R of the silicon steel sheet in position on the steel sheet coil b at the finish annealing. Incidentally, the thickness of the silicon steel sheet is thin so that it is negligible compared to the inner radius and the outer radius of the steel sheet coil. For this reason, there is almost no difference between the radius of curvature of the surface inside the steel sheet coil and the radius of curvature of the surface on the outside of the steel sheet coil, so there is almost no influence on the angle maximum deviation βm, even if any of the values are used as radius of curvature R. Βm = (180 / π) × (Lg / R)… (2)
[0063] [063] When attention is focused on Expression (1), it can be understood that when the angle of deviation β is 7.3 ° or less, a magnetic flux density B8 of 1.90 T or more can be obtained. Conversely, it can be said that it is important to adjust the deviation angle β to 7.3 ° or less, to obtain the magnetic flux density B8 of 1.90 T or more. Furthermore, when attention is focused on Expression (2), it can be said that, to adjust the maximum deviation angle βm to 7.3 ° or less, that is, to obtain the magnetic flux density of 1.90 T or more, it is important to satisfy the expression (3) below. Lg ≤ 0.13 × R… (3)
[0064] [064] From these relations, it can be said that in relation to the part of the silicon steel sheet in which the radius of curvature of the steel sheet coil is "R", when the length Lg in the lamination direction of the crystal grain developed in that part satisfies the expression (3), the maximum deviation angle βm becomes 7.3 ° or less, and a magnetic flux density B8 of 1.90 T or more can be obtained. In addition, the length Lg corresponds to the PL irradiation interval of the laser beam. Therefore, it can be said that by adjusting, to an arbitrary position on the silicon steel plate, the irradiation interval PL of the laser beam to satisfy the expression (4) according to the radius of curvature R, it is possible to obtain a high density of magnetic flux B8. PL ≤ 0.13 × R… (4)
[0065] [065] Furthermore, even before the steel sheet coil is obtained, the radius of curvature R in the steel sheet coil of each part of the silicon steel sheet can be easily calculated from the information in relation to the length in the lamination direction of the silicon steel sheet, to the adjusted value of the inner radius of the steel sheet coil, to the Ps position of the part by adjusting the front edge or the rear edge of the silicon steel sheet as a reference, etc.
[0066] [066] Furthermore, when attention is focused on expression (1) and expression (2), it is important to adjust the deviation angle β to 5.4 ° or less to obtain the B8 magnetic flux density of 1.95 T or more, and verify that it is important to adjust the PL irradiation interval of the laser beam to satisfy the expression (5). PL ≤ 0.094 × R… (5)
[0067] [067] Here an explanation will be given in an example of a method of adjusting the PL irradiation interval according to the radius of curvature R. Specifically, in this method, the PL irradiation interval is not fixed, and is adjusted to an appropriate according to the radius of curvature R. As described above, the inner radius R1 when the silicon steel sheet 1 is wound after the coating 5 of the annealing separating agent is executed, that is, the inner radius R1 of the sheet metal coil. steel 31 is predetermined. The outer radius R2 and the winding number N of the sheet steel coil 31 can be easily calculated from the size Δ of the gap that existed between the silicon steel sheet 1 inside the sheet steel coil 31, the thickness t of the silicon steel sheet 1, length L0 in the rolling direction of silicon steel sheet 1, length L0 in the rolling direction of silicon steel sheet 1, and the inner radius R1. In addition, from these values, it is possible to calculate the radius of curvature R in the steel sheet coil 31 of each part of the silicon steel sheet 1 as a function of the distance L1 from the front edge in the transfer direction. Incidentally, as the Δ span size, an experimentally obtained value, a value based on the form of winding or the like can be used, and a value of 0 or a value other than 0 can be used. In addition, the radius of curvature R can be calculated by obtaining empirically or experimentally the external radius R2 and the winding number N when the length L0, the internal radius of the coil R1, and the thickness t are already known.
[0068] [068] In addition, based on the radius of curvature R as a function of the distance L1, the radiation of the laser beam is conducted as follows.
[0069] [069] (a) The laser irradiation equipment 2 is placed on the rear and / or front side of the annealing furnace 3.
[0070] [070] b) The transfer speed and the passing distance (which corresponds to the L1 distance from the front edge in the transfer direction) of the silicon steel sheet 1 at a point where the laser beam is irradiated, are measured by equipment line speed monitoring and irradiation position monitoring equipment.
[0071] [071] (c) Based on the transfer speed of the silicon steel sheet 1, the distance L1 from the front edge, and the scan rate Vc of the laser beam, the adjustment is made so that the irradiation interval PL on the surface of the silicon steel sheet 1 satisfy the expression (4), preferably the expression (5). In addition, the irradiation energy density, and the local energy density, and the like of the laser beam are also adjusted.
[0072] [072] (d) Laser beam irradiation is performed.
[0073] [073] As described above, the PL irradiation interval can be adjusted according to the radius of curvature R. Incidentally, the PL irradiation interval can be fixed within a range that satisfies the expression (4), preferably the expression ( 5). When the adjustment as described above is conducted, as a point on the steel sheet coil 31 approaches the outer periphery of the coil, the PL irradiation interval at that point is increased, so that when compared to a case where the PL irradiation interval is fixed, it is possible to reduce the average laser irradiation energy.
[0074] [074] In the following, an explanation of the conditions of laser beam irradiation will be given. From an experiment described below, the present inventors have found that when the radiation energy Up of the laser beam defined by the expression (6) satisfies the expression (7), the grain edge along the laser path is properly formed. Up = 4 / π × P / (Dl × Vc)… (6) 0.5 J / mm2 ≤ Up ≤ 20J / mm2… (7)
[0075] [075] Here, P represents the intensity (W) of the laser beam, DI represents the size (mm) in the lamination direction of the focused beam point of the laser beam, and Vc represents the scan rate (mm / s) of the beam laser.
[0076] [076] In this experiment, the hot rolling was initially performed on a steel material for electric steel sheet with oriented grain containing 2% to 4% by weight of Si, in order to obtain a silicon steel sheet after the rolling hot (hot rolled steel sheet). Then, the silicon steel sheet was annealed at about 1100 ° C. Subsequently, cold rolling was carried out to adjust the thickness of the silicon steel sheet to 0.23 mm, and the result was wound until a cold rolled coil was obtained. Subsequently, from the cold-rolled coil, single sheet samples were cut each having a width in the C direction of 100 mm and a length in the rolling direction (L direction) of 500 mm. Then, on the surface of each of the unique samples, laser beams were irradiated while the plate was scanned in the width direction. The conditions for them are shown in Table 1. Subsequently, a decarburization annealing was conducted at 700 ° C to 900 ° C to cause a primary recrystallization. Subsequently, the single plate samples were cooled to about room temperature, and subsequently an annealing separation agent containing MgO as its main constituent was coated on the surfaces of each of the single plate samples. Then a finish annealing was conducted at about 1200 ° C for about 20 hours in order to cause secondary recrystallization.
[0077] [077] In addition, an assessment was conducted regarding the presence / absence of grain edges along the paths of the laser rays, and the presence / absence of melting and deformation of the surface of each of the single plate samples being the material base. Incidentally, in the evaluation in relation to the presence / absence of the grain edges along the paths of the laser rays, the observation of the photograph of a cross section of each of the samples of single plate orthogonal to the direction of width of the plate was conducted. In addition, in relation to the presence / absence of melting and deformation of the surface, an observation of the surface of each of the single sheet samples was conducted after the removal of the glass film formed during the annealing finish and the stripping performance. The results are also shown in Table 1.
[0078] [078] As shown in Table 1, in a sample # 1, in which the density of irradiation energy Up was less than 0.5 J / mm2, the edges of the grains along the paths of the laser rays were not formed. This can be considered to be because, since a sufficient amount of heat has not been provided, a variation in the local distortion force and a variation in the size of the crystal grain obtained through primary recrystallization have hardly occurred. In addition, in a sample no. 7, in which the density of irradiation energy Up exceeded 20 J / mm2, although the edges of the grains along the paths of the laser rays are formed, the deformation and / or the melting trace caused by the irradiation of the laser rays existed on the sample surface of a single plate (steel base material). When grain-oriented electric steel sheets are stacked for use, deformation and / or the melting trace as above reduces (in) the space factor and generates (m) stress and deformation, which leads to a reduction in properties magnetic.
[0079] [079] Meanwhile, in samples # 2 to # 6 and in sample # 9, in which Expression (7) was satisfied, the grain edges along the laser beam paths were formed properly, regardless of the shape of the spot. focused beam, scan rate, and laser beam intensity. In addition, there was no deformation or trace of fusion caused by the irradiation of the laser beam.
[0080] [080] From such an experiment, it can be said that the radiation energy density Up of the laser beam defined by the expression (6) preferably satisfies the expression (7).
[0081] [081] Incidentally, a similar result was also obtained when laser beam irradiation was performed between decarburizing annealing and finishing annealing. Therefore, also in this case, it is preferable that the irradiation energy density Up satisfies the expression (7). In addition, when laser irradiation is conducted before and after decarburization annealing, the irradiation energy density Up preferably satisfies the expression (7).
[0082] [082] In addition, to avoid the occurrence of deformation and melting of the silicon steel sheet (steel base material) caused by the irradiation of the laser beam, it is preferable that the local laser energy density Ip defined by an expression (8) satisfies an expression (9). Ip = 4 / π × P / (Dl × Dc)… (8) Ip ≤ 100kW / mm2… (9)
[0083] [083] Here, Dc represents the size (mm) in the direction of the plate width of the laser beam focal point.
[0084] [084] The higher the local energy density Ip, the greater the chance of melting, dispersion, and vaporization of the silicon steel sheet, and when the local energy density Ip exceeds 100 kW / mm2, a hole, a groove or similar is likely to be formed on the surface of the steel sheet. In addition, when comparing a laser pulse and a continuous wave laser, a groove or similar is likely to be formed when a laser pulse is used, even if the same local energy density Ip is employed. This is because, when a laser pulse is used, a sudden change in temperature easily occurs in a region where the laser beam is irradiated. Therefore, it is preferable to use a continuous wave laser.
[0085] [085] The same applies to a case where laser beam irradiation is conducted between decarburization annealing and finish annealing, and a case where irradiation is conducted before and after decarburization annealing.
[0086] [086] As described above, when the steel sheet coil after the primary recrystallization occurs is annealed to cause secondary recrystallization, a part is generated in the crystal grain obtained through secondary recrystallization, in which the easily magnetized axis is deviated from the rolling direction due to the influence of the curvature, as illustrated in Figure 1A and Figure 1B. In addition, the larger the size of the crystal grains in the lamination direction and the smaller the radius of curvature, the more noticeable the degree of deviation. In addition, since the size in the lamination direction as above is not particularly controlled in the conventional technique, there is the case where the angle of deviation β being one of the indices to represent the degree of deviation described above reaches 10 ° or more. On the contrary, according to the modality described above, the laser beam's own radiation is conducted, and the edges of the grains that pass from the front surface to the rear surface of the silicon steel sheet under the paths of the laser rays are generated during recrystallization. secondary, so that the size of each crystal grain in the lamination direction is preferable. Therefore, when compared to a case in which the laser beam radiation is not conducted, it is possible to reduce the angle of deviation β and improve the orientation of the crystal to obtain a high density of magnetic flux B8 and a low loss of iron W17 / 50 .
[0087] [087] In addition, laser beam irradiation can be performed at high speed, and the laser beam can be focused on a very small space to obtain a high energy density, so that the influence on production time due to processing of the laser is small when compared to the case where the laser beam radiation is not conducted. In other words, the transfer speed in the decoupling annealing execution process while unwinding the cold rolled coil and the like, does not have to be almost changed, regardless of the presence / absence of laser beam irradiation. In addition, since the temperature at the time of carrying out the laser irradiation is not particularly limited, no heat insulation or similar equipment is required for the laser irradiation equipment. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the structure of the equipment, when compared to a case where processing in a high temperature oven is necessary.
[0088] [088] Incidentally, a laser beam irradiation can be performed with the purpose of refining the magnetic domain after the formation of the insulating film. EXAMPLE (First Experience)
[0089] [089] In a first experiment, a steel material for an electrical grain-oriented electric steel containing 3% by weight Si was hot rolled, in order to obtain a silicon steel sheet after hot rolling (cold rolled steel sheet) the hot). Then, the silicon steel sheet was annealed at about 1100 ° C. Subsequently, cold rolling was carried out to make the thickness of the silicon steel sheet 0.23 mm, and the result was wound to have a cold rolled coil. Incidentally, the number of cold rolled coils was four. Subsequently, a laser beam irradiation was performed on three cold rolled coils (coils on C1 to C3) and, after that, decarburization annealing was conducted to cause primary recrystallization. Regarding the remaining cold-rolled coil (coil No. C4), no laser irradiation was conducted and, after that, decarburization annealing was conducted to cause primary recrystallization.
[0090] [090] After decarburizing annealing, the coating of an annealing separating agent and the annealing finish under the same conditions were performed on these silicon steel sheets.
[0091] [091] Here the explanation will be given as to the PL irradiation interval of the laser beam in the coils at C1 to C3, with reference to Figure 9A to Figure 9D. After coating the annealing separating agent, the silicon steel sheet was wound to have a steel sheet coil 51 as illustrated in Figure 9A, and the finished annealing was conducted under this state. Before producing steel sheet coil 51, the internal radius R1 of steel sheet coil 51 was set to 310 mm. In addition, the length L0 in the rolling direction of the silicon steel sheet on the steel sheet coil 51 was equivalent to the length in the rolling direction of the silicon steel sheet after cold rolling, and was about 12000 m. Therefore, the outer radius R2 of the steel sheet coil 51 can be calculated from this, and it was 1000mm.
[0092] [092] In addition, for laser beam irradiation in relation to coil No. C1, the PL irradiation interval has been adjusted to 40 mm, as illustrated in Figure 9B. Specifically, the laser beam radiation was conducted at the same interval from a part corresponding to the inner edge 52 to a part corresponding to the outer edge 53 of the steel sheet coil 51, to leave paths 54 on a surface of the sheet metal. silicon steel 55. Incidentally, the value of the PL irradiation interval (40 mm) in the process is equivalent to a maximum value within a range that satisfies expression (4) in relation to the internal radius R1 (310 mm) of the sheet coil steel 51. Therefore, the expression (4) is satisfied in each position of the silicon steel sheet 55.
[0093] [093] In addition, in the case of laser beam irradiation in relation to coil No. C2, the irradiation interval PL has been changed according to the local radius of curvature R in the steel plate coil 51, culm illustrated in Figure 9C. In other words, the laser beam radiation was conducted from a part corresponding to the inner edge 52 to the part corresponding to the outer edge 53 of the steel sheet 51 while gradually increasing the irradiation interval PL, which was set to 0 , 13 × R, to leave paths 54 on the surface of silicon steel sheet 55.
[0094] [094] In addition, for laser beam irradiation in relation to coil No. C3, the PL irradiation interval has been adjusted to 150 mm, as shown in Figure 9D. In other words, the laser beam radiation was conducted with the same interval from the part corresponding to the inner edge 52 to the part corresponding to the outer edge 53 of the steel sheet coil 51, to leave the paths 54 on the surface of the steel sheet silicon 55. Incidentally, the value of the PL irradiation interval (150 mm) in this process is greater than the maximum value (130 mm) within a range of satisfaction of the expression (4) in relation to the external radius R2 (1000 mm) of the steel sheet coil 51. Therefore, the expression (4) is not satisfied in any position of the silicon steel sheet 55.
[0095] [095] Furthermore, in laser irradiation in relation to the coils in C1 to C3, the condition in which the irradiation energy density Up and the local energy density Ip satisfy expression (7) and expression (9) , has been selected. As described above, no laser irradiation was performed on coil No. C4.
[0096] [096] After the annealing finish, an annealing was performed to eliminate the ripples, distortions and deformations that occurred during the annealing finish, in order to flatten the silicon steel sheet 55. In addition, an insulation film was formed on the surface of each of the 55 silicon steel sheets. Thus, the four types of grain-oriented electric steel sheets were produced.
[0097] [097] Then, from each of the electric steel sheets with oriented grain, ten samples were cut in each of the six positions indicated in Table 2 along the rolling direction by adjusting the inner edge 52 of the steel sheet coil 51 as a starting point. The density of magnetic flux B8, the loss of iron W17 / 50, and the maximum value of the angle of deviation β of each sample were measured. The magnetic flux density B8 and the loss of iron W17 / 50 were measured by a well-known measurement method in relation to electric steel sheets. In measuring the maximum value of the deviation angle β, the Laue x-ray method was employed. Incidentally, the size of the x-ray spot in the sample, that is, the special resolution in the Laue x-ray method was 1 mm. These results are also shown in Table 2. Note that each numerical value shown in Table 2 is an average of the ten samples.
[0098] [098] As shown in Table 2, on the coils in C1 and C2, in which the expression (4) was satisfied, the maximum value of the deviation angle β was less than 7.3 ° in each position. For this reason, the density of magnetic flux B8 was significantly large and the loss of iron W17 / 50 was extremely low, when compared to coil No. C4 (comparative example), in which no laser radiation was conducted. In summary, the magnetic flux density B8 of 1.90 T or more and the loss of iron W17 / 50 of 0.77 W / kg or less were obtained stably. In addition, on coil No. C2, the irradiation interval PL was adjusted according to the radius of curvature R, so that more uniform magnetic properties were obtained.
[0099] [099] In addition, in coil No. C3, in which the expression (4) was not satisfied, the density of magnetic flux B8 was large and the loss of iron W17 / 50 was low when compared with coil No. C4 (comparative example ), but the magnetic flux density B8 was small and the loss of iron W17 / 50 was high when compared to the coils in C1 and C2.
[0100] [0100] In addition, in relation to each sample cut from coils nº a nº 3, the distribution of the angle of deviation β in a crystal grain was measured using the X-ray Laue method. As a result, it was confirmed that in a crystal grain between two grain edges formed along the paths of the laser beams, the angle of deviation β is large in a region closer to one of the grain edges. Generally, the position resolution in the measurement with the X-ray Laue method is 1 mm, and the position resolution in that measurement was also 1 mm.
[0101] [0101] From the first experiment as described above, it was proved that if the angle of deviation β in the 1 mm separate position from the edge of the grain formed along the path of the laser beam is 7.3 ° or less, it is possible to improve the degree coincidence of the crystal orientation to obtain the B8 magnetic flux density of 1.90 T or more. (Second Experience)
[0102] [0102] In a second experiment, cold rolled coils were initially produced in a similar way to the first experiment. Incidentally, the number of cold rolled coils produced was five. Subsequently, in relation to the four cold rolled coils, laser irradiation was conducted by differentiating the PL irradiation intervals as shown in Table 3 and, after that, decarburization annealing was conducted to cause primary recrystallization. Regarding the remaining cold-rolled coil, no laser beam irradiation was conducted, and after that the decarburization annealing was conducted to cause the primary recrystallization.
[0103] [0103] After decarburizing annealing, annealing separating agent coating, and finishing annealing under the same conditions were performed on these silicon steel sheets. In addition, an annealing was carried out to eliminate a ripple, distortion or deformation that occurred during the finishing annealing, in order to flatten the silicon steel sheets. In addition, an insulating film was formed on the surface of each of the silicon steel sheets. Thus, the five types of grain-oriented electric steel sheets were produced.
[0104] [0104] Then, a sample was cut from a part corresponding to the steel sheet coil interned edge (R1 = 310mm) of each grain-oriented electric steel sheet, and the magnetic flux density B8 and the loss of iron W17 / 50 of each sample was measured. Their results are also shown in Table 3.
[0105] [0105] As shown in Table 3, in samples no. 10 and no. 11. in which the PL irradiation interval was less than 2 mm, the magnetic flux density B8 was low to be less than 1.90 T, and the loss iron W17 / 50 was high to be 0.8 W / kg or more. In summary, the magnetic properties were deteriorated when compared to samples No. 12 to No. 14, in which the PL irradiation interval is extremely small, the size in the lamination direction of the crystal grain between two grain edges is very small so that the influence of very little distortion by the laser irradiation that has occurred becomes relatively large. In other words, it can be estimated that this is because, although the angle of deviation β becomes small, the hysteresis loss of the silicon steel sheet is increased and the magnetic properties become difficult to improve. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust a lower limit value of the PL irradiation range to 2 mm, regardless of the radius of curvature R. Industrial Applicability
[0106] [0106] The present invention can be used in an electric steel sheet production industry and in an electric steel sheet industry, for example.

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[0001]
Method of production of an electric steel sheet with oriented grain, characterized by the fact that it comprises: cold-rolling a silicon steel sheet containing Si; then, perform a decolorization annealing of the silicon steel sheet in order to cause a primary recrystallization; coating a separating agent on a surface of the silicon steel sheet; then, wind the silicon steel sheet in order to obtain a steel sheet coil; then, perform the annealing of the steel sheet coil by means of batch processing in order to cause a secondary recrystallization; and then, rewind and flatten the steel sheet coil, in which the production method also includes, between the cold rolling of the silicon steel sheet containing Si and the winding of the silicon steel sheet in order to obtain the steel sheet coil, radiating a laser beam on a surface of the silicon steel sheet from one end to the other end of the silicon steel sheet along a direction of the width of the sheet a plurality of times at a predetermined interval in the rolling direction, and, When an average laser beam intensity is P (W), a size in the lamination direction of a focused beam point of the laser beam is Dl (mm), a scan rate in the direction of the width of the laser beam plate is Vc (mm / s), and an irradiation energy density of the laser beam is Up = 4 / π × P / (Dl × Vc), the following relationship is satisfied in order to create grain boundaries by passing from a front surface to a rear surface of the silicon steel sheet along the paths of the laser beams while secondary recrystallization is caused, 0.5 J / mm2 ≦ Up ≦ 20 J / mm2, and when a radius of curvature at an arbitrary position on the silicon steel sheet in the steel sheet coil is R (mm) and the predetermined range in the position is PL (mm), the following relationship is satisfied, PL ≦ 0.13 × R.
[0002]
Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the surface of the silicon steel sheet to which the laser beam has been irradiated is flat.
[0003]
Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the predetermined interval is defined based on a radius of curvature of the silicon steel sheet in the steel sheet coil.
[0004]
Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the predetermined interval is fixed.
[0005]
Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the predetermined interval is wider as the position approaches an internal surface towards an external surface of the steel sheet coil.
[0006]
Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the predetermined range is 2 mm or more.
[0007]
Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that, when an average laser beam intensity is P (W), a size in the lamination direction and a size in the sheet width direction of a focused beam point of the laser beam are Dl (mm) and Dc (mm), respectively, and a local power density of the laser beam is Ip = 4 / π × P / (Dl × Dc), the following ratio is satisfied, Ip ≦ 100 kW / mm2.
[0008]
Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the derivation of the direction in which the laser beam is scanned from the width of the plate is within 45 °.
[0009]
Oriented grain electric steel plate, characterized by the fact that it comprises grain boundaries passing from a front surface to a rear surface of the grain-oriented electric steel sheet along laser beam paths swept from one end to the other end of the grain-oriented electric steel sheet along a direction the width of plate, where, when a plate thickness direction component of an angle made by a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet rolling direction and an easy axis direction of magnetization direction ˂001˃ of each crystal grain is ß (°), a value of ß in a position 1 mm apart from the grain boundary is 7.3 ° or less.
[0010]
Oriented grain electric steel plate according to claim 9, characterized in that a surface of a base material along the grain boundary is flat.

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KR20130019456A|2013-02-26|

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法律状态:
2020-10-13| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION (JP) |

2020-10-20| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|

2021-01-19| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|

2021-03-23| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 23/03/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

PCT/JP2010/062679|WO2012014290A1|2010-07-28|2010-07-28|Orientated electromagnetic steel sheet and manufacturing method for same|

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